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After the first injection of dobutamine, the force of heart contraction increased by 150 percent in both groups. And in the placebo group, this increase repeated itself after the second injection. However, in the group treated with sildenafil, the increased heartbeat was slowed by 50 percent, resulting in a smaller increase in blood flow and blood pressure generated by the heart in response to chemical stimulation.

Between injections, heart function was not altered in the sildenafil group, demonstrating the absence of adverse side effects on the resting human heart. “Knowing more about the effects of sildenafil on heart function will allow for safer evaluation of its use as a treatment for heart problems,” says Kass. “Until now, it was widely thought that drugs like sildenafil had no effects on the human heart and that its only purpose was vasodilation in the penis and the lungs. “Our results set the stage for further studies of sildenafil’s immediate and long-term effects on the heart and its ability to modify other neurohormonal and stress stimuli, including adrenaline and hypertension,” he adds. While the precise biological actions of sildenafil in the heart are not fully understood, the drug is known to work by stopping the action of an enzyme, called phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5A), the researcher says.

This enzyme is involved in the breakdown of a key molecule, cyclic GMP, which helps control stresses and limit overgrowth in the heart. PDE5A is also the

biological

The makers of the drug had no involvement in the design or support of the research.

Viagra is now being used to treat not only erectile dysfunction (ED) but also pulmonary hypertension. And the drug may have potential for treating several other conditions, according to a recent report. The three ED medications currently on the market—Viagra, Levitra, and Cialis—all work by the same means, and they have similar side effects.

The most common are headaches and facial flushing, which occur in 15% of men.

Other reactions include nasal congestion, indigestion, and back pain.

The most important worry about ED pills is their ability to widen arteries enough to lower blood pressure.

And men who are taking nitrates should never use any of the ED pills.

Although some of the drugs’ side effects may be

troublesome

It’s yet not clear if the other ED pills offer similar benefits, but Viagra, at least, may prove useful for some other conditions, including these: Pulmonary hypertension.

Viagra is now marketed under the name Revatio for this uncommon but serious disorder of high pressure in the blood vessels leading to the lungs.

Viagra can reduce pulmonary artery pressure at high altitude and improve the ability to exercise in low oxygen conditions. In affected individuals, exposure to the cold triggers spasm of the small arteries that supply blood to the fingers, toes, or both, which become pale, cold, and painful.

Both Viagra and Levitra have been helpful in clinical trials.

Studies suggest Viagra might help patients with congestive heart failure or diastolic dysfunction.

Further details are published in the August 2007 issue of Harvard Men’s Health Watch. Give guidance, not just Viagra, to men with diabetes and related impotence. Diabetic men with erectile dysfunction might consider a prescription for a drug like Viagra to be a permanent cure for a temporary issue: Take a pill, problem solved.

But the truth, a leading urologist says, is entirely different. “If a diabetic patient has erectile dysfunction, it’s not enough to provide Viagra [sildenafil] or Cialis [tadalafil] and then send him on his merry way,” J. Francois Eid, MD, a New York City urologist, said at the annual meeting of the American Association of Diabetes Educators. “It’s important to let individuals know the drug has not cured the erectile dysfunction.

If patients don’t take care of the diabetes, the erectile dysfunction progresses.” In an interview, Dr. Eid shared several messages for medical professionals who treat men with diabetes and related erectile dysfunction: • Diabetes has “devastating” effects on the penis, and may even cause it to shrink.

• Long-term uncontrolled diabetes can make ED permanent. • While ED drugs often fail in men with diabetes, several other options exist; and penis implants may provide significant relief. An estimated 50%-75% of men with diabetes experience from some degree of ED, which is thought to be three times more common in diabetic men than other men, according to Dr.

“Diabetes has a devastating effect on the muscle tissue inside the penis,” he said. “All brand viagra without prescription the tiny little arteries that feed blood to the muscle get occluded. Little by little, the muscle inside the penis shrinks.” Indeed, some diabetics with ED complain that their penises have shrunk, he said. Diabetic damage doesn’t stop with these small vessels, he said. “You really have two parallel situations: You need blood flow that feeds the muscle of the penis, and you need an artery dedicated to bringing blood rapidly when a man becomes aroused and wants to be sexually active,” he said. They’ll say ‘I can get a partial erection, but I can’t maintain it.’ ” What comes after an ED diagnosis in diabetic patients? Eid will instantly refer these men to a cardiologist.

“If a patient has diabetes and is newly diagnosed, a significant portion of these men are going to develop coronary artery disease in the next 2-3 years,” he said.

“One of the things we do is recommend is that they see a cardiologist and perhaps have a stress test or some sort of evaluation.” Dr. Eid brand viagra without prescription also urges these patients to treat their diabetes in order to avoid developing ED for life.

“They need to manage their diabetes and make sure they control it so the ED will not progress and will stabilize, as a result,” he said.

“If the diabetes is controlled after the patient is first diagnosed, then the erections will come back.

But if the patient has diabetes for many years, and suddenly decides it’s time to control it, they cannot prevent the damage that’s already been done.” As for treatments, patients with diabetes and related ED should begin with medications like sildenafil and tadalafil, he recommended.

But research findings suggest that the drugs will fail in half of men with type 2 diabetes, he said. Other options include penile self-injections, vacuum devices, and penile implants.

The injections “can work well and are painless, but men detest having to inject themselves before sexual activity,” Dr. And he said men rarely have success using vacuum devices, which are available over the counter.

By contrast, penis implants can successfully treat erectile dysfunction in many cases, Dr.

Men trigger erections by squeezing a pump that is implanted into the scrotum.

Fluid then flows from an implanted reservoir into a cylinder implanted in the penis. Men are often pleased by penis implants because they can have sex spontaneously without having to plan for it ahead of time, as required by medications.

Eid receives or has received research support/grants from American Medical Systems, Coloplast, Lilly ICOS, Bayer, Vivus, Pharmacia-Upjohn, brand viagra without prescription and Pfizer. He is or was a consultant and on the speakers bureau for Coloplast, American Medical Systems, Lilly ICOS, Bayer and Pfizer.

Sildenafil Treats Urinary Symptoms of BPH as well as ED. ATLANTA—For the first time, an oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor has been shown to improve lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men with concomitant erectile dysfunction (ED), according to data presented at the annual meeting of the American Urological Association.

Results of this study in men (aged ?45 years) with ED

and

scored

April 28, 2003 -- A new study has found that the impotence drug Viagra

could

The 12-week study focused on 202 post-menopausal or post-hysterectomy women who complained of female sexual arousal disorder.

The women in the group who took Sildenafil — the little blue pill commonly known as Viagra — took notes after each sexual experience, and reported better overall sexual satisfaction compared with those who took a placebo.

Their enhanced sex lives included better arousal, lubrication and orgasm.

The study was conducted by Laura Berman, director of the Berman Center and a professor of OB-GYN and psychiatry at Northwestern University in Chicago, and Dr.

Jennifer Berman, director of the Female Sexual

Medicine

The researchers say that the results are preliminary. "In terms of ability to achieve orgasm, there was a statistically significant movement," Laura Berman said on ABCNEWS' Good Morning America. "It increases blood flow to the genital area, increases the sensation of warmth, tingling and fullness," she said. More than 50 million women experience some type of sexual dysfunction.

Jennifer Berman said it's important for women to remember that this pill can't overcome mental and emotional barriers to a satisfying sex life.

"At this point, we can say that women with significant emotional or relationship problems and women that have desire problems related to their interest in being sexual might not be the best candidates," Jennifer Berman said.

"It's for women who were satisfied with their sexual response at brand viagra without prescription one point and now, for whatever medical reason, are no longer able to respond," she said.

Women who suffer from female sexual arousal disorder can experience a variety of symptoms, including lack of "excitement," vaginal dryness, loss of sensation and sensitivity in the genitals and nipples and low blood flow to the genitals.

Women in the study were screened to make sure that psychological or relationship issues were not the cause of the problem.

Since Viagra enhances sexual arousal in men by increasing the blood flow to the penis, the Bermans theorized that the drug could have a similar effect on women, increasing the blood flow to the female genitals and thereby producing better arousal, sensation and lubrication in the genital area.

Women in the study were given doses of 50 milligrams, which was increased to 100 milligrams only once during the study based on how well the lower dose was working, and the women's tolerance to it.

The pill was to be taken prior to sexual activity but no more than once daily. Each patient had to engage in sexual activity at least once a week and keep a personal log about it.