Amox clav for tooth infection

Certain reactions (fever, arthralgia, myalgia) sometimes develop more than 48 hours after the start of the treatment. Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis) have been reported in patients receiving beta-lactam antibiotic.

Although anaphylaxis is more frequently following parenteral therapy, it has occurred in patients on oral therapy.

If an allergic reactions occurs, amoxicillin and flucloxacillin should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. Serious anaphylactoid reaction may require immediate emergency treatment with adrenaline, with oxygen, intravenous steroids and airway management including intubation , may also be required.

As with other penicillin, it may be expected that untoward reactions will be essentially limited to sensitivity phenomenon. They are more likely to occur in individuals who have previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to penicillins and in those with a history of allergy, asthma hay fever or urticaria.

The following adverse reactions have been reported as associated with the use of penicillins: Erythematous maculopapular rashes, erythema multiform, Stevens-Johnson syndrome toxic epidermal necrolysis and urticaria have been reported. NOTE: These hypersensitivity reaction may be controlled with antihistamine and, if necessary systemic corticosteroids. Whenever such reactions occur, amoxicillin and flucloxacillin should be discontinued unless, in the opinion of the physician, the condition being treated is life-threatening and amenable only to amoxicillin and flucloxacillin therapy. Gastrointestinal reactions: Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Minor gastro-intestinal disturbances may occur during treatment.

As with other antibiotic, pseudomembranous collitis has been reported rarely. If this condition develops, amoxicillin and flucloxacillin treatment should be discontinued and appropriate therapy, e.g.

Hepatic

Hepatic and cholestatic jaundice have been reported occasionally with Flucloxacillin and may be delayed in onset: older patients and those receiving Flucloxacillin for more than two weeks are at greater risk. These may be delayed for up two months post-treatment.

In some cases the course has been protracted and lasted for several months.

Very rarely deaths have been reported, almost always in patients with serious underlying disease. Change in liver function

test

A moderated rise in Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SCOT) has been noted but the significance of this finding in unknown. Haematological effects: Neutropenia (including agranulocytosis) and thrombocytopenia may occur but are reversible when treatment is discontinued.

Anemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia and agranulocytosis have been reported during therapy with penicillin.

These reactions are usually, reversible on discontinuation of therapy and are

believed

Neurological Effects: In patients suffering from renal failure, neurological disorders convulsions are possible with high doses (mainly parenteral).

Renal Effects: Intestinal nephritis may occur but is reversible when treatment is discontinued. Interactions: Like amoxicillin, Flucloxacillin may decrease the efficacy of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives.

May reduce absorption of oral contraceptives leading to break through bleeding or pregnancy.

Parenteral therapy (Caution & Precautions) Hypersensitivity to penicillins/cephalosporins.

Cautions in preterm infants, especially extreme immaturity.

Cautions in infants with liver, renal or gastrointestinal disease.

Venous irritation, soft tissue injury at site IV injection. Gastrointestinal disturbance (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea). Seizures (

encephalopathy

Gastrointestinal effects such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea may be evident and should be treated symptomatically. Flucloxacillin is not removed from the circulation by heaemodialysis.

Loss of potency after mixing with Streptomycin has been reported.

capsules Store in a cool dry place, protected from light.

Vials (dry powder): Store below 25 , protected from light.

Medicine Classification Prescription Medicine Only.

Lot C6, Zone-A, Thilawa

SEZ

While a person’s genes may increase the chance that he or she will develop lupus, it takes some kind of environmental trigger to set off the illness or to bring on a flare. The following are common environmental triggers: Ultraviolet rays from the sun or from fluorescent light bulbs Sulfa drugs, which make a person more sensitive to the sun, such as: Bactrim® and Septra® (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole); sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin®);

tolbutamide

Amoxicillin MOXATAG ® FDA Package Insert Description Clinical Pharmacology Microbiology Indications and Usage Contraindications Warnings and Precautions Adverse Reactions Overdosage Dosage and Administration How Supplied. SERIOUS AND OCCASIONALLY FATAL HYPERSENSITIVITY (ANAPHYLACTIC) REACTIONS HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN PATIENTS ON PENICILLIN THERAPY. ALTHOUGH ANAPHYLAXIS IS MORE FREQUENT FOLLOWING PARENTERAL THERAPY, IT HAS OCCURRED IN PATIENTS ON ORAL

PENICILLINS

BEFORE INITIATING THERAPY WITH AMOXICILLIN, CAREFUL INQUIRY SHOULD BE MADE CONCERNING PREVIOUS HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS TO PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS, OR OTHER ALLERGENS.

IF AN ALLERGIC REACTION OCCURS, AMOXICILLIN SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED AND APPROPRIATE THERAPY INSTITUTED.

SERIOUS ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS REQUIRE IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY TREATMENT WITH EPINEPHRINE. OXYGEN, INTRAVENOUS STEROIDS, AND AIRWAY MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING INTUBATION, SHOULD ALSO BE ADMINISTERED AS INDICATED. Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including amoxicillin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy.

CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to

occur

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C.

difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated. The possibility of superinfections with mycotic or bacterial pathogens should be kept in mind during therapy. If superinfections occur, amoxicillin should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. A high percentage of patients with mononucleosis who receive ampicillin develop an erythematous skin rash.

Thus, ampicillin-class antibiotics should not be administered to patients with mononucleosis. Prescribing amoxicillin capsules, amoxicillin tablets, amoxicillin tablets (chewable) and amoxicillin for oral suspension in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

Phenylketonurics: Each 125 mg amoxicillin tablet (chewable) contains 1.4 mg phenylalanine; each 200 mg chewable tablet contains 4.5 mg phenylalanine; each 250 mg chewable tablet contains 2.8 mg phenylalanine; each 400 mg chewable tablet contains 9 mg phenylalanine. As with any potent drug, periodic assessment of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic function should be made during prolonged therapy. All

patients

Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin.

Concurrent use of amoxicillin and probenecid may result in increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin.

Chloramphenicol, macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines may interfere with the bactericidal effects of penicillin. This has been demonstrated in vitro; however, the clinical significance of this interaction is not well documented. In common with other antibiotics, amoxicillin may affect the gut flora, leading to lower estrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of combined oral estrogen/progesterone contraceptives. High urine concentrations of ampicillin may result in false-positive reactions when testing for the presence of glucose in urine using CLINITEST®, Benedict’s Solution, or Fehling’s Solution.

Since this effect may also occur with amoxicillin, it is recommended that glucose tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions (such as CLINISTIX®) be used.

Following administration of ampicillin to pregnant women, a transient decrease in plasma concentration of total conjugated estriol, estriol-glucuronide, conjugated estrone, and estradiol has been noted.

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility. Long-term studies in animals have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential. Studies to detect mutagenic potential of amoxicillin alone have not been conducted; however, the following information is available from tests on a 4:1 mixture of amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate.

Amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate was non-mutagenic in the Ames bacterial mutation assay, and the yeast gene conversion assay. Amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate was weakly positive in

the

Potassium clavulanate alone was tested in the Ames bacterial mutation assay and in the mouse micronucleus test, and was negative in each of these assays.

In a multi-generation reproduction study in rats, no impairment of fertility or other adverse reproductive effects were seen at doses up to 500 mg/kg (approximately 3 times the human dose in mg/m2). Pregnancy Category B.Reproduction studies have been performed in mice

and

There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Oral ampicillin-class antibiotics are poorly absorbed during labor. Studies in guinea pigs showed that

intravenous

increased

However, it is not known whether use of amoxicillin in humans during labor or delivery has immediate or delayed adverse effects on the fetus, prolongs the duration of labor, or increases the likelihood that forceps delivery or other obstetrical intervention or resuscitation of the newborn will be necessary. Penicillins have been shown to be excreted in human milk.

Amoxicillin use by nursing mothers may lead to sensitization of infants. Caution should be exercised when amoxicillin is administered to a nursing woman. Because of incompletely developed renal function in neonates and young infants, the elimination of amoxicillin may be delayed. Dosing of amoxicillin should be modified in pediatric patients 12 weeks or younger (? 3 months). (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION–Neonates and infants.) Geriatric Use. An analysis of clinical studies of amoxicillin was conducted to determine whether subjects aged 65 and over respond differently from younger subjects.

Of the 1,811 subjects treated with capsules of amoxicillin, 85% were

Information

They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the

common

When amoxicillin capsules, amoxicillin tablets, amoxicillin tablets (chewable) and amoxicillin for oral suspension is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to amoxicillin for wisdom tooth infection feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed.